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Researchers at theIMDEA纳米科学研究所, an interdisciplinary research center in Spain, have developed a new method of 3D printing magnets using recycled materials.
这项工作是作为对COVID-19大流行造成的供应链问题的答案，该问题使制造部门缺乏许多材料，包括制造磁铁所需的材料。
为了解决这个问题，丹尼尔·卡萨莱兹（Daniel Casaleiz）和他的同事们研究了采购磁性材料的替代方法，展示了他们在2022关节磁和磁性材料（MMM）Intermag1月份会议。
Recycling ferrite residues
尽管普通人可能没有意识到这一点，但磁性设备对于我们生活的许多不同部分都是不可或缺的。磁铁用于各种能源发电应用，硬盘数据存储，日常计算和磁共振成像（MRI）扫描仪中。
The method developed by Casaleiz and his colleagues involves recycling the ferrite residues that are left behind in the commercial ferrite magnet manufacturing process. Commercial ferrite magnets are the world’s most widely produced type of magnet.
Working with a small magnet production company in Spain, the team first collects the strontium ferrite waste and grinds it into a very fine powder. When heated to 1000°C, the powder undergoes calcination, which improves both the microstructure and magnetic properties of the material.
Casaleiz的团队测量了回收粉末的磁性特性，发现它比原始残留垃圾要优于原始残留物。具体而言，顽固性增加了350％，延期增加了25％。前者是对磁化变化的抗性的量度，而后者与残余磁化有关。
3D打印磁铁的优势
当然，可以将加工的粉末返回以回收传统制造的铁氧体磁铁。但是，该团队用它来生产3D可打印的铁氧体 - 聚合物复合材料。
通过将铁氧体粉与ABS基质混合，它们能够将混合物挤压成可打印的磁丝线轴，据报道，这以前从未使用过再生材料进行。Casaleiz和他的同事已经使用了新型复合材料来打印各种零件，例如六边形，环和圆柱体，所有这些部分都保留了回收粉末的磁性。
According to the team, 3D printed magnets have several advantages over their traditionally manufactured counterparts. They can be produced at lower temperatures with lower energy usage in a wider variety of geometries. The applications of the work range from electric vehicles to consumer electronics.
由于3D打印的磁铁是基于铁氧体的，因此Casaleiz还认为它们可以帮助替代稀土磁铁，例如Neododmium的磁铁。稀土磁铁材料的采矿有时会对环境产生负面影响，而3D印刷的材料则更可持续且更易于来源。此外，Casaleiz的3D印刷磁铁是化学惰性的，这意味着它们自然耐腐蚀，而无需任何保护性涂层。
The 3D printing of magnetic materials allows for the creation of intelligent systems and a whole host of novel applications. Just last month, an international team of scientists led byCambridge University’s Cavendish Laboratoryused 3D printing technology to develop anovel set of microscopic nanomagnets. Created using a custom 3D printing process, the nanomagnets are in the shape of a DNA-inspired double helix, which reportedly produces nanoscale topological textures in the magnetic field they generate.
Elsewhere, researchers fromXiamen Universityhave previously3D printed radio frequency (RF) probe headscapable of performing both routine and unconventional Magnetic Resonance (MR) experiments. MR technology is widely used in scientific research, geological surveys, and clinical diagnosis via MRI scans.
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特色图像显示了使用回收铁氧体废物打印的磁铁3D。通过IMDEA纳米科学学院的照片。
