3D软件

Novel imaging method to assess 3D printed metal part quality could prove gamechanger for aerospace MRO

来自南洋技术大学新加坡(NTU Singapore) have developed a novel rapid and low-cost imaging method to assess the quality of 3D printed metal parts.

能够分析零件的微观结构和物质质量,成像方法可能证明是航空航天等行业的gamechanger,低成本,快速评估诸如涡轮机和风扇刀片(例如涡轮机和风扇刀片)可能对维护,维修和大修很重要(MRO)。

“Using our inexpensive and fast-imaging method, we can easily tell good 3D printed metal parts from the faulty ones,” said NTU Assistant Professor Matteo Seita. “Currently, it is impossible to tell the difference unless we assess the material’s microstructure in detail. No two 3D printed metal parts are created equal, even though they may have been produced using the same technique and have the same geometry.

“从概念上讲,这类似于两个原本相同的木制品如何具有不同的谷物结构。”

Analysing the unique crystals patterns on the surface of a 3D-printed metal may pave the way for the certification and quality assessment of parts made through additive manufacturing. Photo via NTU Singapore.
Analysing the unique crystals patterns on the surface of a 3D-printed metal may pave the way for the certification and quality assessment of parts made through additive manufacturing. Photo via NTU Singapore.

Imaging microscopic crystals

大多数3D印刷金属合金由多种微观晶体组成,它们的形状,大小和原子晶格方向不同。科学家能够通过绘制这些微观晶体来制定合金的特性,例如其强度和韧性。研究人员将其与看木纹相比,当谷物沿相同方向连续时,​​木材最强。

但是,到目前为止,在3D印刷金属合金中分析这种微观结构一直是一个费力且耗时的过程,通常涉及使用电子显微镜进行扫描,这可能在73,000至150万美元之间的价格在73,000至150万美元之间。

Seita and his team developed their novel imaging method to provide the same quality of information in only a matter of minutes, and at a much lower price point. They used a system made up of an optical camera, a flashlight, and a notebook computer that runs a proprietary machine-learning software developed by the team, which in total cost around $18,400.

该方法涉及用化学物质处理3D打印零件的表面,以在使用相机拍摄多个光学图像之前揭示其微观结构,因为手电筒从不同方向照亮金属。然后,科学家的专有软件分析了从零件表面反射的光所产生的模式,并在15分钟内推断出其方向。

NTU ASST教授Matteo Seita持有一件3D打印的金属合金,可以通过使用光学相机和机器学习的新的低成本成像系统在15分钟内轻松地在15分钟内对其属性进行分析。通过NTU新加坡照片。
NTU ASST教授Matteo Seita持有一件3D打印的金属合金,可以通过使用光学相机和机器学习的新的低成本成像系统在15分钟内轻松地在15分钟内对其属性进行分析。通过NTU新加坡照片。

改进3D打印零件质量评估

The NTU researchers believe their imaging method could simplify the certification and quality assessment of 3D printed metal alloy parts, particularly those produced via laser-based techniques.

由于激光强度和速度,冷却时间以及所使用的金属粉末的类型和品牌,3D打印金属的微观结构可能会有所不同,这意味着相同的设计3D打印y两家不同的机器或生产房可能会导致各种质量的部分。

The NTU team’s software uses a neural network that mimics how the brain forms association and processes thought combined with machine learning to predict the orientation of crystal within the metal parts, based on differences in how light scatters off the surface.

该软件成功地创建了一个完整的“晶体取向图”,能够在3D打印零件中提供有关晶体形状,大小和原子晶格方向的信息。

根据NTU团队的说法,该方法可以通过快速,相对低成本的质量评估来使关键任务零件和行业受益。该团队正在与NTUIVITIAT,NTU的创新和企业公司进行讨论,以探索创建分拆公司或将获得专利成像软件许可的可能性。

有关该研究的更多信息可以在标题为:通过光学显微镜绘制晶体取向的机器学习方法,”发表在NPJ计算材料杂志上。该研究由M. Wittwer和M. Seita合着。

NTU Asst Prof Matteo Seita analysing a piece of 3D printed alloy for strength and hardness using a prototype imaging system. Photo via NTU Singapore.
NTU Asst Prof Matteo Seita analyzing a piece of 3D printed alloy for strength and hardness using a prototype imaging system. Photo via NTU Singapore.

Advances in metal part QA

根据世界经济论坛, simplifying the qualification process for 3D printing will bekey to its industrializationtüvSüd最近的Gregor Reischle和Christophe Blanc最近回应了这一点,指出质量保证可以提供串行添加剂制造的更快途径

过去,机器学习已部署到detect defects in 3D printed parts提高单个金属层的质量by reducing ‘spatter’ during the metal 3D printing process. X-ray imaging has previously been used to减轻金属3D印刷零件中的缺陷, while单个粉末经过不断修改改善金属端部件的质量和表面饰面。

该领域也有更多的发展,宾夕法尼亚州立大学从科学技术公司获得价值18万美元的赠款3mto explore金属3D打印的质量控制方法, 和Lawrence Livermore National Laboratoryengineers developing a way of优化零件的特性produced via Liquid Metal Jet (LMJ) 3D printing.

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特色图片显示分析3D打印金属表面上的独特晶体图案可能为通过增材制造制造的零件的认证和质量评估铺平了道路。通过NTU新加坡照片。