A team of researchers from theUniversity of WashingtonandSandia National Laboratories有3D打印了一氧化碳检测器。通过装饰带有印刷锡二氧化铁的还原石墨烯（RGO）传感器介质（sno2) semiconductor catalyst, the team was able to produce a detector that functioned at room temperature with a fast response time.
Carbon monoxide poisoning
According to the CDC，仅在美国，一氧化碳中毒至少有430次死亡，另外50,000次由于天然气而去急诊科。由于缺乏气味，一氧化碳几乎无法检测到，这意味着它可能对人类健康构成严重风险。它通常是由于不完全燃烧而产生的，因此火焰的氧气供应太低，无法进行完全燃烧。
While tin dioxide-based carbon monoxide detectors are popular today, the manufacturing of these devices can be costly and time-consuming. On top of this, the semiconductor material usually has to be heated to temperatures above400°C to be effective. The high temperature requirements mean that thin, compact, and flexible devices are difficult to manufacture.
Tin dioxide-graphene nanoink
研究人员首先使用改良的溶剂热气凝胶工艺来装饰纳米级的二氧化碳氧化石墨烯片的还原石墨烯。使用杵和砂浆重新分散所得的纯化气凝胶并磨碎。它与最终溶剂混合在一起，以产生二氧化碳 - 石膏纳米关。
To fabricate the sensors, the team inkjet printed silver electrodes on polymer substrates with linewidths in the 100 micron region. The tin dioxide-graphene nanoink was then inkjet printed on top of the silver electrodes to coat them. The whole structure was then heat treated to anneal it and further reduce the graphene so it would be more effective at room temperature.
当需要测试传感器时，团队在氮的存在下设法检测到50 ppm的一氧化碳。这是响应15％，响应时间为4.5s，恢复时间为12s。根据研究人员的说法，结果表明，印刷传感器优于在室温下运行的其他先前测试的传感器。因此，该团队得出结论，薄而灵活的一氧化碳传感器可以通过可扩展的，具有成本效益的协议打印3D，从而为AM快速增长的用途列表增加了另一种潜在的应用程序。
该研究的更多细节可以在标题为“”的论文中找到基于SNO的柔性碳一氧化碳传感器的添加剂制造2-Graphene Nanoink’。它由Jialin Zuo，Sean Tavakoli，Deepakkrishna Mathavakrishnan，Taichong MA，Matthew Lim，Brandon Rotondo，Peter Pauzauskie，Felippe Pavinatto和Devin Mackenzie合着。
研究into 3D printed sensors is becoming more and more common as the capabilities of 3D printing grow. Recently, a team of researchers in China3D printed a tough and conductive polymer hydrogel to produceflexible wearable motion sensors。对传感器的全面测试表明，它们可以准确地将物理压力变化转化为敏感的电信号。在其他地方，在韩国，研究人员3D印刷了一套highly-sensitive, wearable biosensors能够检测主动改变身体应变信号。
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Featured image shows fabrication of the sensors. Photo via University of Washington.
