我们研究3D打印的未来的系列始终对卢森堡大学工程科学研究部（RUES）的下一代工程师和循环经济有所了解。
克劳德·沃尔夫（Claude Wolf）is a senior lecturer in civil and mechanical engineering at the University of Luxembourg, Kirchberg. His academic expertise is in computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) rapid prototyping and 3D printing. He is also a champion of open source design and upcycling through additive.
3D Printing: The Next 5 years by Claude Wolf –Into the Future engineered by the Zs
3D打印或添加剂制造[AM]的未来将由即将有资格的下一代工程师（1994-2010）驱动。我们，教育工作者知道这一代吗？我们知道是什么激励他们的？
The Z generation is a generation of digital natives interacting with PCs, iPads, smartphones and the internet since birth, a pragmatic and short term orientated generation. Our prejudice brands them as unprepared and unmotivated, with their 10 second attention spans, but in reality, they have already proven they are creative, determined and hardworking as well as team oriented, when they are given the opportunity. They have understood that 3D printing offers them this opportunity.
基于项目的学习[PBL]使用3D打印 - 适合第三工业革命的Z一代
不幸的是，我们经常听到Z工程师在讲座期间表现出较低的动力和兴趣。在我的课程中，对我来说很明显，这一代人还具有标准的传统价值观，例如面对面的沟通，团队取向和参与。
他们有多样化和许多社交活动，敏锐地寻找职业机会，当他们认为该项目有意义时，他们也非常有动力。在卢森堡大学，我们在使用增材制造的机器设计讲座中开发并增加了基于项目的学习。
看到学生对这些项目的参与和动力，这是令人印象深刻的。3D打印引起了他们的全部关注，并允许学生创建和测试其工程系统。PBL使Z工程师有机会参与并表达他们的动力和激情。因此，3D打印成为必不可少的工具。
这种PBL的目的是支持我们的Z机械工程师：
- 了解AM技术的局限性和功能，并找到工作解决方案
- Understand the Hardware, Software, Process and characterize the mechanical properties of developed systems
- 在概念阶段早期整合AM
- Know to differentiate and use AM and conventional manufacturing technology
- Be free from the concept of Design for Manufacturing, their education will be based around a Design without manufacturing limitations
- Encourage their creativity and capacity for exploration and conception of ideas
- Build prototypes, Create new Products
- Experiment, develop, test and optimize new ideas
- 获得设计工具的工作知识
- Transform Virtual models into physical ones
从此以后，Z工程师将有可能在未来几年中提高3D打印的“植物化”能力，从而融合3D模型的物理和数字世界。
The entire Z generation assumes technology can do everything and 3D printing is the perfect tool to illustrate this idea. The Z generation will demonstrate how 3D printing can serve just causes and purposes; whilst additionally improving our world by re-cycling, up-cycling, saving energy and establishing a greater degree of sustainability.
Sustainability and Additive Manufacturing – upcycling using AM
With sustainability in mind, I aspired to develop a system that demonstrates how 3D printing can enhance the circular economy with committed students. TheUPAM系统是由几位在卢森堡大学获得机械工程学士学位的学生开发的。
This system proposes to close the loop of a product’s life, from waste materials to new up-cycled products, using AM. The new generation of Z engineers naturally consider development constraints such as materials recycling, limiting waste production and limitation of resources and energy saving.
The developed system has an educational purpose and intends to demonstrate to the public at large, as well as to future Z students, how a new way of thinking and manufacturing can contribute to our daily life. The goal is to demonstrate how engineers benefit and contribute to our society.
Through PBL and upAM, future engineers focus on making better products using the full capabilities of AM, for example, by creating organic design or lattice structures, reducing mass, improving structural behavior, increasing product life and generating more sustainable systems. It also demonstrates how mechanical engineering has evolved and adapted to
我们社会的需求。
The project consists of the development of a FDM printer and a shredder, as currently it is using a commercial extruder. Tests are ongoing to define re-cyclable polymers from everyday life products. The project is open source and all details can be found at我们专用的网站。An economic model could be to equipFabLabswith upAM system and therefore allow makers to up-cycle their wasted or non-wanted polymers into added value products.
即将到来的工程师将结合3rdIndustrial Revolution with industry 4.0 in order to develop smarter, sustainable, low energy systems for a better world. In the age of mass customization, Z engineers dealing with Z customers, will find the solutions with AM.
We, educators, must encourage and give them the appropriate support to enable them to fully develop their confidence and abilities. The Zs are eager to use and develop 3D printing beyond today’s limitation. Our world will benefit from their innovations and ideas brought into the light using 3D printing. Z engineers will 3D print our future!
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