Italian 3D printer manufacturerWASP和Mario Cucinella Architects(MCA) have officially completed the successful production and installation of an eco-sustainable housing model entirely 3D printed from local earth, TECLA.
Tecla旨在完全不中性碳中性，并适应世界各地的任何气候或条件，都是使用完全回收的材料制造的。生态屋是为了应对气候紧急情况以及对可持续房屋的日益增长的需求，为大型移民或自然灾害做准备。
The 3D printing stage of the 18-month joint project wascompleted in January，今天的可持续建筑已被完全安装，并在意大利北部的马萨·伦巴达地区正式开业。
WASP创始人Massimo Moretti表示：“ Tecla表明，可以通过机器建造美丽，健康和可持续的房屋，从而为当地的原材料提供基本信息。”“ Tecla是指向月球的手指。对于地球上的每个人来说，月亮是家，作为生育权。从Tecla On开始，这是可能的。”
Designing TECLA
WASP was founded by Moretti in 2012 with the aim of developing viable construction processes based on the principles of the circular economy. The firm believes 3D printing so-called ‘zero-mile’ homes using materials sourced from the local area could play a key role in solving the global population crisis.
WASP and MCAbegan planning the TECLA eco-house2019年10月，根据School of Sustainability, an architect training center founded by Cucinella.
黄蜂以前使用过Crane WASP 3D printerto successfullybuild a small eco house为此香巴拉内部项目– an eco-friendly technological village in Italy built using resourceful additive manufacturing.
该建筑物称为盖亚（Gaia），将周围区域的原始土壤用作可打印材料的主要粘合剂，并与天然废料（例如蔬菜纤维）混合在一起。去年10月，黄蜂与Rossana Orlandigallery in Milan toshowcase the projectas part of the gallery’s“We Are Nature” event.
Leveraging the success of the Gaia project, WASP and MCA embarked upon creating the TECLA self-supporting habitable structure in much the same way, depositing layers of reusable materials such as local soil one on top of the other to form the dome-shaped building.
3D printing the bio-based house
Once again, WASP deployed its modular and multi-level Crane WASP 3D printing system to fabricate the TECLA structure, using entirely natural and locally-sourced materials for the feedstock.
Two synchronized robotic printer arms deposited the material in 12mm layers simultaneously, having been programmed to avoid collisions and ensure streamlined operation. Each modular printing unit is capable of printing within a 50 square meter area, making it possible to build independent housing modules in a number of days.
In fact, the technology enabled the TECLA housing model to be completed in around 200 hours of printing, consisting of 350 12mm layers and 150km of extrusion and using just 6kwh of energy.
In its finished state, the TECLA boasts an area of 60 square meters, comprising a living zone with a kitchen, and a night zone. The building is also equipped with furnishings that were partly printed from local earth and integrated into the structure and partly designed to be recycled or reused.
“We like to think that TECLA is the beginning of a new story,” said Mario Cucinella, Founder and Creative Director of MCA. “It would be truly extraordinary to shape the future by transforming this ancient material with the technologies we have available today. The aesthetics of this house are the result of a technical and material effort; it was not an aesthetic approach only. It is an honest form, a sincere form.”
Achieving a circular housing model
TECLA项目旨在结合有关建筑实践，生物气候原则的研究，以及使用天然和本地材料来满足日益增长的可持续住房需求。因此，Tecla被设计为低碳外壳的开创性例子。
In addition to considering its aesthetic, MCA also explored the building’s shape in relation to climate and latitude. The composition of the 3D printable earth mixture was tailored to respond to local climatic conditions, while the filling of the envelope was parametrically optimized to balance the building’s thermal mass, insulation, and ventilation depending on its surrounding environmental conditions.
WASP and MCA hope that the TECLA, now officially completed and installed at its Massa Lombarda site, will provide a viable, zero-waste, low-carbon housing example that could play a significant part in addressing the global housing emergency the world will face in the years to come, as natural disasters, climate change and other events cause mass migration across the globe.
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特色图片显示Tecla 3D印刷房屋。通过黄蜂的照片。
