艺术与雕塑

Digital twin of Michelangelo’s David for Dubai Expo 2021

A group of Italian architects and engineers will create a digital twin to replicate Michelangelo’s statue, David, for the迪拜2021年世博会. This project, backed by theGalleria dell’Accademia,旨在展示使用3 d主要的优点ting in art. The statue will be the first replica authorized by the Museum after Cecile Hollberg, Director of the Accademia, won a copyright battle over it in 2017.

代表的团队意大利省at the Expo, will combine photogrammetry and laser scanning to create a replica of the statue. The project intends to expose the merger between Industry 4.0 and the beauty of historic art. The statue is going to be the centerpiece of the pavilion, situated as if it were connecting earth and sky. To inaugurate the 1-year countdown, the team held a press conference in Florence discussing the launch of the new project.

“The meaning of this operation is to introduce visitors in Expo Dubai to the multidisciplinary skills associated with digital culture, linked to digitalisation and collective intelligence made possible thanks to the reuse of information.” Said Paolo Glisenti, Commissioner General of Section for Italy at Expo Dubai at the press conference.

“美女连接人”的徽标,用于2021年迪拜博览会的意大利省。

The project

米开朗基罗(Michelangelo)的大卫(David)位于佛罗伦萨的Galleria dell’Accademia,其身体的长度为17英尺,宽度为6.5英尺。该倡议得到了建筑师和工程师的专业知识的支持University of Florence并在Italian Commissioner’s Office for Expo 2020 Dubai. The replica will be created by scanning the original statue and using that data to reproduce a 3D printed copy.

展览策展人戴维德·莱姆佩洛(Davide Rampello)说,意大利的省份是“记忆剧院”。拥有一个代表艺术美和遗产的历史雕像的数字双胞胎,可以及时扩展这些价值观。由于复制品将是大卫流通的唯一授权副本,如果原始副本发生了什么事,则该复制品将是有效的替代品。此外,让机器复制大卫而不是雕塑家,这意味着该副本仍然忠于米开朗基罗的技能,因为它们被数字扫描准确地捕获,而不是手动模仿。

Dense point cloud of the David. Image via Victoria and Albert Museum.
Dense point cloud of the David. Image via Victoria and Albert Museum.

Design and Structure of the David

大卫的复制分为三个阶段,它们合并了技术和工艺技能。大型三脚架将用于使用主动传感器和被动传感器进行测量。这两个传感器都将处理一个密集的点云,这是由小数据点组成的大卫的一个版本,每个点都有其各自的3D坐标。摄影测量法是使用电磁辐射图像获取信息的过程,也将在此过程中使用。此过程完成后,团队将拥有大卫的完整数字副本。

Next, the team will have to physically reconstruct the statue. “We will use a printer that will allow us to fragment as little as possible, in order to avoid problems associated with the gluing of pieces, which would result in a deformed replica” explained Grazia Tucci from the University of Florence at the press conference. As for the materials, sustainable plastic and various resins are being investigated as possible choices for the project.

In order to enhance and preserve the aesthetics of the statue, the final step involves craftsmen manually restoring the statue and engineers milling the surface.

Stanford University team replicating the David using the Stanford Large Statue Scanner. Photo via Stanford University.
Stanford University team replicating the David using the Stanford Large Statue Scanner. Photo via Stanford University.

过去的大卫

There are about 32 statues of David in different cities of the world. The statue has been wildly replicated as it is a universal symbol of beauty and goodness.

In 1997, with the aim of advancing the technology of 3D scanning,Stanford Universityand华盛顿大学制作了整个大卫的数字化复制品。使用网络软件扫描雕像Stanford Large Statue Scannerand the unattainable parts were captured using a triangular laser range finder. Finally, the architectural setting of the statue was scanned with a prototype time-of-flight laser range finder.

In 2017, Ridley Scott also replicated the David, for his film Alien: Covenant. An existing copy in theV&A博物馆was scanned using a telescope tripod from different angles. The statue was then constructed in polystyrene over a steel armature which was attached to a base plate for support. The refinishing consisted of meddling the polystyrene slices and smoothing the surface with thin plaster hard coats.

As a means of experimentation with their new equipment, Swiss micro 3D printing company,CytosurgeusedFluidFM® µ3Dprinter重新创建aMichealangelo的微型版本的David在铜中。

3D printing statues

在过去的25年中,社区一直在尝试3D印刷文化遗产复制品以保存古代艺术的想法,但也可以增强观众的体验。

过去保存艺术的过去例子包括盗窃,包括一个由Wakayama技术高中在日本,一群人学生3D打印雕像的复制品. The replicas were placed in the place of the originals so that the latter were stored safely.

在其他地方,一个团队来自郑安格大学have createdmovable copies of ancient Buddhist statues. Similarly to the Italian team, their aim was to use 3D printing as a means of conserving art.

As for enhancing how people perceive art, a collaboration between Texas-based 3D scanner manufacturer,NVision,,,,andNasher Sculpture Centerused 3D printing as a means to connect the visually impaired to art. They3D printed replicas of historical sculptures,,,,so that the visually impaired could touch the statues.

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Featured image shows the 17 ft. tall David being restored in the Museo Dell’Accademia, Florence. Photo via ANSA.